Dullness results from three causes—melanin pigmentation, accumulation of dead skin cells, and poor blood circulation—occurring alone or in combination, and it is distinguished by skin findings and medical history. The pigmentation type appears as brown patches in specific areas, the dead skin cell type makes the skin surface rough and cloudy without shine, and the poor circulation type tends to make the overall complexion look yellowish or pale and sallow.
In the clinic, the depth and distribution of pigmentation are checked using a Wood's lamp and skin diagnostic devices, and skin texture, moisture and oil balance, and lifestyle factors such as sleep and stress are also examined together. In practice, two or three causes often overlap, so it is important to determine which factor is dominant before establishing a treatment plan.
| Cause type | Characteristic appearance | Approach |
|---|---|---|
| Pigmentation type | Brown patches, localized deposits | Pigmentation management such as laser toning |
| Dead skin cell type | Rough, cloudy surface, reduced shine | Exfoliation, regeneration management, moisturizing |
| Poor circulation type | Yellowish or pale complexion | Improve circulation and lifestyle habits, combine with regeneration treatments |





